Changing the oil in your vehicle is an essential maintenance task that helps to keep the engine running smoothly and extends its lifespan. While many car owners opt to take their vehicle to a mechanic for an oil change, changing your own oil is a rewarding skill that saves money and gives you a deeper understanding of your vehicle. In this guide, we'll walk you through the step-by-step process of changing your oil like a pro, covering everything from preparation to disposal.
Why Change Your Own Oil?
Before we dive into the "how," it's important to understand the "why." Regular oil change are vital to your car's health. Engine oil lubricates the engine's moving parts, reducing friction and preventing overheating. Over time, oil breaks down and becomes less effective at lubricating the engine, which can lead to engine wear and damage.
Changing your own oil not only saves you money on labor costs but also gives you a sense of accomplishment. You’ll become more familiar with your car’s engine and develop a DIY attitude towards vehicle maintenance that can save you money on other repairs in the future.
What You’ll Need
Before you start, gather all the necessary tools and materials to ensure a smooth and hassle-free oil change. Here’s a comprehensive list:
Tools & Materials:
New Oil – Be sure to use the correct type and amount for your vehicle. Check your car’s manual for the recommended oil viscosity and quantity.
New Oil Filter – Replacing the oil filter is crucial to ensure that the new oil stays clean and free of contaminants.
Oil Drain Pan – To catch the used oil during the draining process.
Wrench or Socket Set – To remove the drain plug.
Oil Filter Wrench – To remove the old oil filter.
Funnel – To avoid spilling new oil when adding it to your engine.
Jack and Jack Stands – If your vehicle is low to the ground, you may need to lift it up to access the oil pan.
Gloves and Rags – To keep your hands clean and wipe up any spills.
Car Manual – For specific instructions about oil capacity and filter type.
Optional: Oil Filter Magnet – Some car owners like to use magnets to help remove any metallic debris from the used oil filter.
Step 1: Prepare Your Vehicle
Before you get under the car, it’s important to ensure your vehicle is parked on a flat, level surface. If your car is on an incline, oil drainage could be uneven, leading to incomplete oil removal.
1. Warm Up Your Engine
It’s best to change the oil when the engine is warm. Warm oil flows better and drains faster. Let the car idle for a few minutes to warm up the engine, but don’t overheat it. You want the oil to be warm, not boiling hot.
2. Lift the Car (If Necessary)
If your car is low to the ground, you may need to use a car jack and jack stands to lift it up. Make sure the car is stable before crawling underneath it. Never rely solely on a car jack to hold up your car—always use jack stands for safety.
Step 2: Locate the Oil Drain Plug and Oil Filter
Now that the car is ready, locate the oil pan underneath the engine. The oil pan is where the oil sits when the engine is off, and it's typically located at the bottom of the engine.
1. Find the Oil Drain Plug
The oil drain plug is a bolt that secures the oil in the pan. It’s usually located on the bottom or side of the pan. Make sure you have a good grip on your wrench or socket set and be prepared to remove the plug.
2. Locate the Oil Filter
The oil filter can be a bit trickier to find, but it’s usually located near the oil pan. It’s a round, metal component that’s about the size of a soda can, and it’s designed to filter out impurities in the oil. You will need an oil filter wrench to remove it.
Step 3: Drain the Old Oil
With the engine off and the car lifted (if necessary), you can begin draining the old oil.
1. Place the Oil Drain Pan
Position the oil drain pan directly beneath the oil drain plug. It’s essential that the pan is large enough to hold the full volume of oil, which varies depending on your vehicle. Check your car’s manual for the oil capacity.
2. Remove the Oil Drain Plug
Using a wrench or socket, carefully loosen the oil drain plug. Be cautious, as the oil could be hot. Once it’s loose, remove the plug entirely and let the oil drain into the pan. Allow it to drain for several minutes to ensure all the oil has been removed. The oil may initially come out quickly, but it will slow down as it empties completely.
3. Inspect the Drain Plug
Before replacing the drain plug, inspect it for any metal shavings or debris, which could indicate a serious engine issue. If everything looks fine, clean the drain plug with a rag and set it aside.
Step 4: Remove and Replace the Oil Filter
While the oil is draining, you can start removing the old oil filter.
1. Loosen the Oil Filter
Using an oil filter wrench, grip the oil filter and twist it counterclockwise. It may be tight, so apply steady pressure. Once loosened, remove the filter by hand. Be aware that some oil will still be in the filter, so have a rag or extra drain pan ready to catch any drips.
2. Prepare the New Oil Filter
Take the new oil filter and, using your finger, apply a small amount of oil to the rubber gasket on the top of the filter. This helps create a proper seal and makes it easier to remove the filter during the next oil change.
3. Install the New Oil Filter
Screw the new filter into place by hand. Don’t over-tighten it—hand-tight is sufficient. The rubber gasket will expand as the engine heats up, creating a tight seal.
Step 5: Add the New Oil
With the old oil drained and the filter replaced, it’s time to add the new oil.
1. Locate the Oil Filler Cap
The oil filler cap is located on the top of the engine. It’s often marked with an oil can symbol. Remove the cap and place a funnel in the opening to avoid spills.
2. Add the New Oil
Check your car’s manual for the correct oil change type and quantity. Pour the new oil slowly into the engine, keeping an eye on the level. You don’t want to overfill it. Add the oil in stages, checking the dipstick (more on this in the next section) after each pour to ensure you’re on track.
3. Check for Leaks
After adding the oil, replace the oil filler cap and start the engine for a few seconds. This allows the oil to circulate through the filter and engine. Turn off the engine and check around the oil filter and drain plug for any signs of leaks. If you notice any, tighten the filter or plug a bit more.
Step 6: Check the Oil Level
Once you’ve added the oil, it’s time to check the level.
1. Use the Dipstick
Insert the dipstick back into the tube and remove it. Wipe it clean with a rag, then dip it back into the tube and pull it out again. Check the oil level. If it's too low, add more oil until it reaches the recommended level. Make sure not to overfill the engine.
Step 7: Dispose of the Old Oil
Disposing of used oil properly is just as important as the oil change itself. Don’t pour it down the drain or throw it in the trash.
1. Store the Old Oil
Pour the used oil into a sealed container, like a clean plastic bottle or the original oil container. Keep it sealed tightly to avoid leaks.
2. Take It to a Recycling Center
Most auto parts stores and recycling centers will accept used motor oil. Look for local facilities that offer free oil recycling services, and take your old oil to them.
Final Thoughts
Changing your own oil may seem like a daunting task at first, but with the right tools and knowledge, it’s something that every car owner can do. Not only will it save you money, but it will also give you a sense of pride in maintaining your vehicle. By following these steps carefully and taking your time, you can keep your engine in top shape for years to come.
Remember: always refer to your vehicle’s manual for specific details on oil types, quantities, and intervals for oil changes. Safety should be your top priority throughout the process, so be sure to take the proper precautions. With this guide, you’re well on your way to becoming an oil-changing pro!